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Sort philosophers by: Date | Appearances | Name
Philosophers:
- Infinity B.C. – 1882 God ( 22, 56, 81, 147)
- 624 B.C. – 546 B.C. Thales
( 95,
129,
155,
181,
216,
250,
328,
362,
388,
397
407, 481) - 610 B.C. – 546 B.C. Anaximander ( 216)
- 585 B.C. – 527 B.C. Anaximendis ( 216)
- 570 B.C. – 495 B.C. Pythagoras ( 95, 118, 189, 181, 362)
- 563 B.C. – 483 B.C. Gautama Buddha ( 51, 102, 226, 231, 269, 405)
- 551 B.C. – 479 B.C. Confucius ( 35)
- 544 B.C. – 496 B.C. Sun Tzu ( 415, 533)
- 535 B.C. – 475 B.C. Heraclitus ( 95, 97, 129, 181, 250, 362, 578, 593)
- 515 B.C. – 460 B.C. Parmenides ( 95, 107, 129, 200, 181, 397, 549)
- 490 B.C. – 430 B.C. Zeno of Elea ( 3, 50, 95, 118, 129, 142, 388, 397)
- 490 B.C. – 420 B.C. Protagoras ( 68, 76, 128, 137, 506, 529)
- 485 B.C. – 380 B.C. Gorgias ( 128)
- 480 B.C. – 408 B.C. Mahavira ( 113)
- 470 B.C. – 399 B.C. Socrates
( 3,
76,
90,
95,
104,
100,
108,
115,
128,
137
145, 153, 155, 177, 192, 196, 219, 223, 272, 274
344, 363, 373, 378, 388, 395, 400, 406, 480, 493
500, 500, 504, 506, 513, 529, 547, 561, 574, 586
603) - 460 B.C. – 370 B.C. Democritus ( 97, 129, 181, 250, 362, 593)
- 428 B.C. – 348 B.C. Plato
( 44,
47,
55,
57,
82,
121,
122,
129,
143,
179
182, 198, 219, 223, 222, 233, 250, 323, 344, 369
385, 406, 545, 548, 559, 565, 567, 573, 574, 595) - 412 B.C. – 323 B.C. Diogenes of Sinope ( 31, 55, 179, 219)
- 384 B.C. – 322 B.C. Aristotle
( 55,
107,
113,
118,
242,
277,
305,
468,
567,
587
599) - 365 B.C. – 285 B.C. Crates of Thebes ( 179)
- 360 B.C. – 270 B.C. Pyrrho ( 4, 68, 93, 143, 499, 601)
- 341 B.C. – 270 B.C. Epicurus
( 47,
55,
57,
82,
86,
121,
133,
143,
182,
198
552, 586) - 334 B.C. – 262 B.C. Zeno of Citium ( 50, 55, 69, 118, 129, 142, 151, 179, 505, 548)
- 99 B.C. – 55 B.C. Lucretius ( 549)
- 33 B.C. – 0 Jesus of Nazareth ( 608)
- 4 – 65 Seneca the Younger ( 179, 334, 468)
- 55 – 135 Epictetus
( 102,
130,
151,
201,
264,
271,
286,
324,
338,
355
484) - 121 – 180 Marcus Aurelius ( 48, 86, 151)
- 160 – 210 Sextus Empiricus ( 93)
- 204 – 270 Plotinus ( 12, 250)
- 354 – 430 Augustine of Hippo ( 78, 205, 258, 262)
- 360 – 415 Hypatia of Alexandria ( 95, 163, 237)
- 480 – 534 Boethius ( 156)
- 490 – 420 Diotima of Mantinea ( 363)
- 801 – 873 Al Kindi ( 96, 237)
- 973 – 1057 Al-Ma'arri ( 241)
- 980 – 1037 Avicenna (Ibn-Sina) ( 71, 267, 481)
- 1033 – 1109 Anselm of Canterbury ( 83)
- 1058 – 1111 Al-Ghazali ( 71, 126)
- 1126 – 1198 Averroes (Ibn Rushd) ( 71, 126, 250)
- 1135 – 1204 Maimonides ( 22, 505)
- 1207 – 1273 Rumi ( 71)
- 1225 – 1274 Thomas Aquinas ( 78, 355, 378, 534)
- 1285 – 1347 William of Ockham ( 543)
- 1295 – 1358 Jean Buridan ( 78)
- 1469 – 1527 Niccolo Machiavelli ( 34, 169, 415)
- 1533 – 1592 Montaigne ( 93, 499)
- 1561 – 1626 Francis Bacon ( 183, 319, 404, 499, 572)
- 1564 – 1616 William Shakespeare ( 45)
- 1564 – 1642 Galileo Galilei ( 569)
- 1588 – 1679 Thomas Hobbes
( 17,
26,
34,
37,
68,
107,
211,
280,
305,
375
379, 385, 387, 390, 490, 512, 525, 595) - 1596 – 1650 Rene Descartes
( 3,
68,
81,
86,
93,
103,
134,
155,
183,
188
205, 214, 242, 227, 250, 375, 398, 495, 502, 567
577, 584) - 1599 – 1692 Zera Yacob ( 319, 377)
- 1632 – 1677 Baruch Spinoza
( 43,
59,
103,
104,
134,
250,
317,
488,
579,
590
597) - 1632 – 1704 John Locke ( 90, 183, 211, 280, 318, 390, 579)
- 1638 – 1715 Nicolas Malebranche ( 78, 103, 597)
- 1643 – 1727 Isaac Newton ( 84)
- 1646 – 1716 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
( 43,
47,
57,
59,
82,
84,
103,
104,
108,
121
143, 173, 182, 200, 198, 250, 369, 374, 523, 597) - 1685 – 1756 George Berkeley
( 26,
47,
57,
82,
88,
121,
183,
182,
198,
250
481, 597) - 1694 – 1778 Voltaire ( 93, 108)
- 1711 – 1776 David Hume
( 3,
39,
51,
65,
92,
93,
122,
162,
183,
202
205, 212, 231, 267, 276, 330, 405, 499, 523, 568
584) - 1712 – 1778 Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( 34, 211, 280, 379, 490, 525, 575, 595)
- 1723 – 1790 Adam Smith ( 280, 337, 500, 540)
- 1724 – 1804 Immanuel Kant
( 3,
23,
26,
35,
39,
47,
57,
63,
65,
68
82, 92, 103, 121, 122, 143, 162, 176, 182, 202
258, 250, 293, 298, 334, 355, 369, 374, 414, 500
511, 515, 523, 524, 544, 568, 581, 586, 597, 609) - 1729 – 1797 Edmund Burke ( 116, 131, 160, 305, 564)
- 1740 – 1814 Marquis de Sade ( 104)
- 1748 – 1832 Jeremy Bentham
( 26,
60,
68,
139,
236,
273,
283,
303,
325,
376
475, 476, 485, 523, 535, 566) - 1756 – 1836 William Godwin ( 247)
- 1759 – 1797 Mary Wollstonecraft ( 116, 131, 190, 237)
- 1762 – 1814 Johann Gottlieb Fichte ( 176, 207, 221, 298)
- 1770 – 1831 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
( 35,
40,
74,
176,
207,
221,
281,
302,
307,
312
319, 348, 539, 606) - 1788 – 1860 Arthur Schopenhauer
( 40,
56,
102,
127,
194,
213,
237,
160,
256,
269
281, 299, 356, 378, 396, 477, 500, 567) - 1803 – 1882 Ralph Waldo Emerson ( 120)
- 1804 – 1872 Ludwig Feuerbach ( 148)
- 1806 – 1856 Max Stirner ( 77, 86, 148, 209, 273)
- 1807 – 1873 John Stuart Mill ( 77, 107, 236, 325, 485, 518, 566, 570)
- 1809 – 1865 Pierre-Joseph Proudhon ( 345)
- 1813 – 1855 Soren Kierkegaard
( 7,
20,
61,
79,
85,
87,
99,
105,
127,
152
172, 174, 178, 204, 237, 242, 246, 229, 254, 281
299, 306, 347, 368, 371, 375, 394, 459, 483, 518
521, 606) - 1814 – 1876 Mikhail Bakunin ( 159, 165, 195, 247, 345, 366, 514, 519)
- 1817 – 1862 Henry David Thoreau ( 120, 586)
- 1818 – 1883 Karl Marx
( 19,
35,
37,
49,
74,
90,
112,
119,
77,
136
138, 148, 154, 165, 173, 186, 195, 203, 234, 240
243, 263, 266, 280, 307, 313, 317, 320, 326, 334
366, 376, 383, 389, 468, 476, 478, 500, 514, 595) - 1820 – 1895 Friedrich Engels ( 148, 203, 366, 389, 514)
- 1820 – 1903 Herbert Spencer ( 280, 370)
- 1821 – 1881 Fyodor Dostoyevsky ( 45, 79, 88, 107, 113, 139, 236, 399)
- 1828 – 1910 Leo Tolstoy ( 107)
- 1838 – 1900 Henry Sidgwick ( 258)
- 1839 – 1914 Charles Sander Peirce ( 115)
- 1842 – 1910 William James ( 30, 562, 579)
- 1842 – 1921 Peter Kropotkin ( 155, 159, 247, 345, 389, 498, 588)
- 1844 – 1900 Friedrich Nietzsche
( 19,
35,
56,
69,
75,
77,
79,
86,
87,
88
90, 102, 107, 146, 150, 161, 176, 208, 217, 242
273, 282, 309, 316, 311, 360, 409, 417, 463, 503
516, 523, 561, 567, 573, 577, 583, 605, 608) - 1844 – 1916 James Guillaume ( 366)
- 1845 – 1918 Georg Cantor ( 45)
- 1848 – 1925 Gottlob Frege ( 28, 36, 65, 80, 146, 268, 462, 558)
- 1854 – 1938 Karl Kautsky ( 136)
- 1856 – 1939 Sigmund Freud
( 19,
26,
34,
49,
138,
171,
173,
255,
285,
355
380, 466, 583) - 1859 – 1938 Edmund Husserl ( 367)
- 1861 – 1947 J.L. Austin ( 89, 171, 268)
- 1861 – 1937 Lou Salome ( 150, 208)
- 1861 – 1947 Alfred North Whitehead ( 374)
- 1862 – 1943 David Hilbert ( 36)
- 1869 – 1940 Emma Goldman ( 159, 345, 389, 514, 519)
- 1870 – 1924 Vladimir Lenin ( 154, 195)
- 1871 – 1919 Rosa Luxemburg ( 195, 234)
- 1872 – 1970 Bertrand Russell
( 3,
6,
26,
28,
65,
74,
83,
89,
90,
92
115, 146, 149, 191, 196, 245, 292, 304, 342, 365
381, 401, 416, 459, 462, 500, 523, 534, 543, 558
562, 576) - 1873 – present G.E. Moore ( 502)
- 1875 – 1961 Carl Jung ( 380)
- 1879 – 1934 Hans Hahn ( 170)
- 1881 – 1973 Ludwig von Mises ( 550)
- 1882 – 1936 Moritz Schlick ( 30, 170, 252, 275, 374)
- 1882 – 1945 Otto Neurath ( 170, 252, 275)
- 1883 – 1924 Franz Kafka ( 16, 79)
- 1889 – 1951 Ludwig Wittgenstein
( 6,
7,
26,
28,
65,
80,
89,
90,
94,
108
117, 141, 170, 184, 198, 245, 252, 250, 268, 275
279, 284, 290, 292, 308, 321, 365, 375, 378, 381
405, 408, 474, 477, 500, 504, 516, 526, 530, 534
551, 567, 581, 586) - 1889 – 1976 Martin Heidegger ( 26, 51, 52, 72, 79, 87, 127, 226, 242)
- 1889 – 1970 Amadeo Bordiga ( 195)
- 1891 – 1970 Rudolf Carnap
( 19,
28,
30,
35,
49,
80,
89,
146,
170,
252
268, 275, 358, 374, 401, 408, 413, 474, 486, 495
530, 537, 551) - 1895 – 1973 Max Horkheimer ( 257)
- 1898 – 1979 Herbert Marcuse ( 257)
- 1898 – 1956 Bertolt Brecht ( 513)
- 1899 – 1992 Friedrich Hayek ( 186)
- 1900 – 1980 Erich Fromm ( 257)
- 1901 – 1981 Jacques Lacan ( 167)
- 1901 – 1983 Alfred Tarski ( 232)
- 1902 – 1994 Karl Popper ( 49, 89, 285, 358, 530)
- 1903 – 1969 Theodor Adorno ( 251, 257, 500)
- 1905 – 1980 Jean Paul Sartre
( 3,
17,
23,
35,
41,
46,
51,
52,
58,
65
68, 72, 79, 85, 87, 96, 105, 101, 107, 140
144, 152, 155, 166, 172, 178, 187, 193, 197, 215
220, 235, 244, 254, 248, 288, 295, 317, 322, 331
333, 354, 361, 393, 410, 411, 468, 476, 492, 541
560, 567, 591, 607) - 1905 – 1982 Ayn Rand ( 77, 37, 136, 186, 234, 258, 364)
- 1906 – 1998 Nelson Goodman ( 2, 30, 51)
- 1906 – 1975 Hannah Arendt ( 32, 68, 190, 199)
- 1906 – 1989 Samuel Beckett ( 35, 45, 79)
- 1906 – 1978 Kurt Godel ( 36, 45)
- 1908 – 1986 Simone de Beauvoir
( 23,
32,
52,
58,
63,
66,
72,
77,
79,
83
85, 87, 88, 90, 96, 99, 104, 105, 101, 116
122, 127, 135, 139, 150, 152, 172, 185, 187, 190
191, 193, 199, 215, 218, 226, 242, 244, 246, 227
254, 249, 294, 305, 331, 333, 361, 365, 372, 393
401, 411, 468, 500, 515, 541, 562, 592, 609) - 1908 – 2000 Willard Van Quine ( 28, 30, 36, 89, 171, 185)
- 1908 – 1961 Maurice Merleau-Ponty ( 139, 166, 135, 235)
- 1909 – 1943 Simone Weil ( 116, 190, 307, 331, 518, 592)
- 1913 – 1960 Albert Camus
( 30,
35,
41,
58,
68,
72,
79,
83,
85,
90
99, 104, 107, 109, 110, 127, 140, 152, 162, 168
172, 180, 187, 193, 211, 225, 226, 230, 246, 254
260, 301, 330, 331, 421, 459, 509, 560, 607) - 1915 – 1980 Roland Barthes ( 138, 318)
- 1917 – 2003 Donald Davidson ( 104, 270, 473)
- 1919 – 2001 G.E.M. Anscombe ( 32, 116, 190, 258, 334)
- 1919 – 2018 Mary Midgley ( 294)
- 1920 – 2010 Philippa Foot ( 32, 60, 106, 376, 465, 582)
- 1921 – 2002 John Rawls ( 37, 38, 119, 199, 350, 585)
- 1922 – 1996 Thomas Kuhn ( 49, 358)
- 1924 – 1998 Jean-Francois Lyotard ( 224, 392)
- 1924 – 2019 Mary Warnock ( 413)
- 1925 – 2011 Michael Dummett ( 88)
- 1925 – 1995 Gilles Deleuze ( 96)
- 1925 – 1961 Frantz Fanon ( 175, 402)
- 1926 – 1984 Michel Foucault
( 23,
35,
135,
146,
167,
175,
224,
249,
303,
343
352, 410) - 1926 – present Noam Chomsky ( 64, 175, 595)
- 1926 – 2016 Hilary Putnam ( 104, 265)
- 1926 – 1995 Murray Rothbard ( 234)
- 1927 – present Edmund Gettier ( 177)
- 1929 – 2007 Jean Baudrillard ( 35, 476)
- 1929 – 2020 Judith Jarvis Thomson ( 376)
- 1930 – 2004 Jacques Derrida ( 23, 35, 146, 167, 182, 185, 224, 257, 567)
- 1930 – 2002 Pierre Bourdieu ( 135)
- 1931 – 2007 Richard Rorty ( 96, 218)
- 1932 – present John Searle ( 277)
- 1933 – present Robert Paul Wolff ( 350)
- 1938 – 2002 Robert Nozick ( 38, 119, 159)
- 1940 – present Saul Kripke ( 277)
- 1941 – 2001 David Lewis ( 156, 177)
- 1942 – 2017 Derek Parfit ( 64, 107)
- 1942 – present Dan Dennett ( 59, 64, 67)
- 1944 – present Donna Haraway ( 305, 528)
- 1944 – present Angela Davis ( 349)
- 1946 – present Peter Singer ( 3, 8, 64, 139, 236, 253, 494)
- 1949 – present Slavoj Zizek ( 64, 123, 206, 419, 580)
- 1956 – present Judith Butler ( 32, 86)
- 1960 – present Greg B. Sadler ( 517)
- 1966 – present David Chalmers ( 59, 67, 369)
- 1966 – present David Benatar ( 96, 253)
- 1987 – present William MacAskill ( 485)
- 1989 – present Liam Bright ( 474)